3
Oct
Posted by smcinvestmentindia in Asset management, Banking, Brokerage, Business, Capital Market, Company, Distribution of Mutual Funds & IPOs, Economics, Equity & Derivative Trading, Finance, financial planning, NRI, Private Equity, securities, share market, smc capitals, SMC Depository, tax, Trading, Wealth. Tagged: banks in India, ceiling rate, comprising services travel, deposits, Financial Services, foreign currency, foreign exchange outflows, imports declined, Insurance, interest rate, investment income and compensation of employees, invisibles payments, invisibles receipts, LIBOR/SWAP rates, merchandise exports, net invisibles, Non-resident Indian, NRI, NRI deposits with banks, Overseas Indians, private transfer receipts, Q1FY2010, RBI, remittances from Indians, software, trade deficit, transfers and income, transportation. Leave a comment
Overseas Indians continue to set great store by deposits with banks in India due to the upward revision in the interest rate ceiling while the Non-resident Indian (NRI) deposits with banks increased by $1.8 billion in Q1 of FY2010.
However, in order to counter foreign exchange outflows, the RBI revised the ceiling rate of foreign currency non-resident deposits to LIBOR/SWAP rates plus 100 basis points for the respective currency /corresponding maturities (as against LIBOR/SWAP rates plus 25 basis points).
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Moreover, in the case of repatriable NRE deposits, the ceiling rate on NRE deposits was raised to LIBOR/SWAP rates plus 175 basis points.
Further, private transfer receipts which constitutes of remittances from Indians working overseas and local withdrawals from NRI rupee deposits, remained buoyant and rose by 9.4% to $13.3 billion during Q1FY2010 from $12.2 billion in Q1FY2009.
🙂
On the other hand, during Q1FY2010, invisibles receipts, comprising services (travel, transportation, insurance, software, etc), transfers and income (investment income and compensation of employees), decreased by 0.7% to $38.684 billion due to reduction in all categories of services except insurance and financial services and a decline of 20.3% in investment income receipts.
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However, invisibles payments rose by 11.9% to $18.505 billion on account of growth in payments under services and income account.
The trade deficit declined to $25.986 billion and net invisibles was lower at $20.179 billion whereas merchandise exports recorded a decline of 21% in Q1FY2010 and imports declined by 19.6% as against a positive growth of 42.9% in Q1FY2009.
🙂
19
Aug
Posted by smcinvestmentindia in Asset management, Brokerage, budget, Business, Capital Market, capitals, Clearing Services, Distribution of Mutual Funds & IPOs, Economics, Equity & Derivative Trading, Finance, income, income tax, india, India corporate world, Insurance, Investment, IPO, Mutual Funds, Private Equity, securities, SMC Depository, SMC Research Based Advisory Services, Stock, Trading, Wealth. Tagged: AMFI, bank fixed deposit, bond market, bond portfolio, bond prices, Bonds, BSE, Cash Reserve Ratio, Central bank, Child Plans, commercial banks, Consumer Price Inflation, corporate bonds, coupon, coupon-bearing bond, CPI, CRR, crude oil, crunch in liquidity, current market price, deposits, discount rate, doubledigit growth, Economy, economy's currency, equities, equity, Equity & Derivative Trading, Fidelity, financial instruments, fund manager, G-Secs, GDP, General Insurance, government bonds, Government securities, india, India corporate world, Inflation, Insurance Broking, insurance services, interest rate, interest rate risk, interest rates, Investment, investor trading, investors, IPOs, IRDA, Jagannadham Thunuguntla, lenders, liquidity, lower interest rate, M3, market, market price, Market Stabilisation Scheme, MCX, monetary policy, money supply, money supply measure, Montek Singh Ahluwalia, MSS, Mutual Fund, Mutual Funds, NCDEX, NSE, NSE (F&O), NSE and BSE, OMO, online equity & derivative trading facilities, online investment, Open Market Operations, Planning Commission, Private Equity, private equity investment, purchasing power, RBI, Repo rate, retail investor, Reverse repo rate, risk assessment, risk averse, risky instruments, Rupee, security, SLR, SMC, smc capitals, SMC Depository, SMC Global, Statutory Liquidity Ratio, stronger rupee, swap their holdings, Terms Insurance, trading in bonds, wholesale price index, WPI, Yield. Leave a comment
In previous Blog we have discussed about the major factors responsible for the change in interest rates and price of bonds indirectly.
All those three factors like Inflation, Currency and Liquidity have been touched upon in last blog.
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Now time to look into another major factor which causes movement in the interest rate. The factor i am talking about is Monetary Policy. 🙂
Monetary Policy: The RBI controls liquidity largely through monetary policy instruments –
(i) CRR & SLR – CRR (Cash Reserve Ratio) refers to a portion of deposits (as cash) which banks have to maintain with the RBI.
Banks are also required to invest a portion of their deposits in government securities as a part of their SLR (Statutory Liquidity Ratio) requirements.
If either of these is increased, liquidity tightens and so interest rates harden (increase).:(
Recently, RBI has reduced both these rates to infuse liquidity in the system – CRR is 5% (down 250 bps from March ’08) and SLR is 24% (down 100 bps).
🙂
(ii) Reverse repo rate – it is the overnight interest rate that a bank earns for lending money to the RBI in exchange for G-Secs.
A hike in reverse repo rate increases interest rates. Currently, reverse repo rate stands at 3.25%.
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(iii) Repo rate – it is the discount rate at which a central bank repurchases government securities from the commercial banks.
To temporarily expand the money supply, the central bank decreases repo rates (so that banks can swap their holdings of government securities for cash).
To contract the money supply, it increases the repo rates. The current repo rate is 4.75%.
🙂
(iv) OMO and MSS – OMOs (Open Market Operations) are outright transactions in government securities.
When the RBI buys G-Secs, it is injecting money into the system, hence, increasing liquidity, which softens (reduces) interest rates.
When the RBI sells G-Secs, it sucks out excess money from the system i.e. reduces liquidity in the system which hardens interest rates.
MSS (Market Stabilisation Scheme) is the issuance of treasury bills and dated securities by way of auction by the RBI.
This affects interest rates in the same manner as OMOs.
🙂
Having collected updates on where the above parameters stand, one can have a better understanding of why interest rates are at their current levels, as well as which direction they are expected to move in.
🙂
If most of them indicate that a rise in interest rates is expected, bond prices are likely to fall in the future.
On the contrary, an expectation of a fall in interest rates means bond prices will rise.
A word of caution here though – timing interest rate changes is difficult. This is because there is a low likelihood of being able to precisely predict the movement in the factors discussed above.
So in order to minimize interest rate risk, one should ensure that the bond portfolio is diversified across various maturities.
🙂
4 Monetary Policy: The RBI controls liquidity largely through monetary policy instruments –
(i) CRR & SLR – CRR (Cash Reserve Ratio) refers to a portion of deposits (as cash) which banks have to maintain with the RBI. Banks are also required to invest a portion of their deposits in government securities as a part of their SLR (Statutory Liquidity Ratio) requirements. If either of these is increased, liquidity tightens and so interest rates harden (increase). Recently, RBI has reduced both these rates to infuse liquidity in the system – CRR is 5% (down 250 bps from March ’08) and SLR is 24% (down 100 bps).
(ii) Reverse repo rate – it is the overnight interest rate that a bank earns for lending money to the RBI in exchange for G-Secs. A hike in reverse repo rate increases interest rates. Currently, reverse repo rate stands at 3.25%.
(iii) Repo rate – it is the discount rate at which a central bank repurchases government securities from the commercial banks. To temporarily expand the money supply, the central bank decreases repo rates (so that banks can swap their holdings of government securities for cash).
To contract the money supply, it increases the repo rates. The current repo rate is 4.75%.
(iv) OMO and MSS – OMOs (Open Market Operations) are outright transactions in government securities. When the RBI buys G-Secs, it is injecting money into the system, hence, increasing liquidity, which softens (reduces) interest rates. When the RBI sells G-Secs, it sucks out excess money from the system i.e. reduces liquidity in the system which hardens interest rates. MSS (Market Stabilisation Scheme) is the issuance of treasury bills and dated securities by way of auction by the RBI. This affects interest rates in the same manner as OMOs.
Having collected updates on where the above parameters stand, one can have a better understanding of why interest rates are at their current levels, as well as which direction they are expected to move in. If most of them indicate that a rise in interest rates is expected, bond prices are likely to fall in the future. On the contrary, an expectation of a fall in interest rates means bond prices will rise. A word of caution here though – timing interest rate changes is difficult. This is because there is a low likelihood of being able to precisely predict the movement in the factors discussed above. So in order to minimize interest rate risk, one should ensure that the bond portfolio is diversified across various maturities.
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